ABSTRACT
Background: Some antiepileptic drugs have been shown to be clinically efficacious in treatment of neuropathic pain and are being used by clinician.Methods: This study determined the analgesic effect of gabapentin (a conventional anticonvulsant) and levitiracetam (a novel anticonvulsant) in rats in different types of acute and chronic nociceptive test like tail flick and formalin test and compared its potency with a conventional non opioid analgesic diclofenac.Results: Per oral administration of gabapentin produced no any marked effect on early phase response of formalin test but significantly suppressed the late phase response while levitiracetam produced no any type of significant effect in both phases. In tail flick test gabapentin as well as levitiracetam produced no any significant analgesic effect while diclofenac produced significant reduction of pain in tail flick test as well as in both phases of formalin test.Conclusions: Thus, we have observed that gabapentin produced antinociception in chronic pain as second phase of formalin test reflects chronic inflammatory pain while levitiracetam did not produce any type of antinociceptive effect as it could not suppress the pain significantly in both tail flick and formalin test.
ABSTRACT
Orbital cysticercosis is secondary to an infestation by Cysticercus cellulosae, the larval form of Taenia solium. We report a case of isolated orbital myocysticersosis in a four year old non pork eater boy who presented with sign and symptoms suggestive of mass lesion in superior orbit. He was managed with medical line of treatment and showed complete resolution of his symptoms. It becomes important to report this case because of unusual site of the cyst, young age of the patient and to highlight the importance of proper sanitary measures in preventing this disease.
ABSTRACT
Background: Some antiepileptic drugs have been shown to be clinically efficacious in treatment of neuropathic pain and are being used by clinician. Methods: This study determined the analgesic effect of gabapentin in rats in biphasic animal pain model of acute and chronic inflammatory pain and compared its potency with a conventional nonopioid analgesic diclofenac. Results: Per oral administration of gabapentin produced no any marked effect on early phase response of formalin test, but significantly suppressed the late phase response, while diclofenac produced significant anti-nociceptive effect in both phases of formalin test. Conclusion: Thus, we have observed that gabapentin produced antinociception in second phase of formalin test, which reflects chronic inflammatory pain.
ABSTRACT
Background: Diabetes mellitus is increasing day by day in developing countries especially in India. It is a main treatable cause of morbidity in eye. Diabetic cataract, neovascular glaucoma and retinopathy are important ocular complications due to diabetes mellitus. The objective was to study the variations in ocular complications in patients of diabetes mellitus. Methods: A prospective study from July 2012 to June 2013 was conducted in RMCH and RC, Kanpur & GSVM Medical College, Kanpur. One hundred one selected diabetic patients who are having abnormal slit lamp and fundus examination were included in this study. Results: In our study it was found that more the duration of diabetes, greater the severity of diabetes. Well controlled diabetics have lesser complications in eyes due to diabetes. Conclusion: Patient’s age, sex, duration and control of diabetes play important role in development and severity of complications in eye due to diabetes mellitus.